Bookstores Visit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Bookstores Visit - Essay moralOn the other side, looking at the best sellers, it also being evident that cultural elements specialised to communities are being more acceptable to a global audience. Stories from Asia and Europe are being on tap(predicate) and are being read as stories from the local context.Both the book stores had broad range of books. some other interesting observation was the standardization in the marketing strategies of the book stores. Both stores had similar best sellers. This draw out the ways in which media is able to reach out to people and influence peoples ending making process. In the context of globalization, it can be inferred that the market speculates the cultural choices that people make. The choice on what to read and what to perceive on reading is being largely influenced by the globalised market.Invariably both the bookstores sop up books portraying Asian symbols and culture in a sellable format. These depictions stay very close to the uni nventive images of orientalism. These books in terms of the ways in which they are marketed reinforce orientalism, though in an unrealistic sense. The trilateral influence of the globalised economy forces the market to deliver according to the needs of the leadrs and at the same time influences the consumers to consume what is marketed. This trend is evidently observable in this scenario. Both the book stores are offering books which reinforce the uninventive images on Asian culture. Interestingly, this trend does not limit itself to a particular genre of books. Right from perish guides to fiction, books confirming certain cultural notions are readily available in both the stores. Interplay of liberalized open universe marketing strategies and orientalism is observable in the kind of books that both the stores are selling.Being a classic, Kafkas On Parables was available in both the stores. The number of copies on the rack suggested that this

Summary for each of the reading Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Summary for each of the reading - Assignment ExampleA woman quarter try harder to be taken seriously but it totally depends upon the other person w swallow upher he takes you and your ideas seriously or not. To be taken seriously means that a person pay precaution to and reply to you. It also means that what you think and what you do matters to others. However, it does not mean to be appreciated or to be respected. If a person thinks that your ideas are innocent, senseless or ordinary then he or she is not taking you seriously (Enloes, 2014).This chapter is based on a public conservation that took place on October 26, 2004, during an important UN peacekeeping and philanthropic support operation in Haiti. This event was directed and presented by warble Cohn. The speech was started by Nadine Puechguirbal who has a PhD in political science. She started talking about the flood that took place in Haiti and how the hurri scum bage destroyed a city named Gonaives. She also talked about how the UN community provided charitable support the flock of Gonaives. The people of Gonaives lost their houses and were living in shelters provide by the UN communities. In these very shelters violence was going on against women by the men so that they could get control over the shelters, food and water. These women did not get anything to eat or drink and therefore they started selling themselves to get food. A few cases of sexual violence were also reported in Gonaives. This book mentions that humanitarian communities are working to provide security to the women so that they can protect themselves as well as their shelter and food.The War of Terror is one of the most erosive and enormous combats between different countries of the world that caused massive destruction of societies, beliefs, buildings and financial well-being, trust of the public and other bodies. The war that took place between Iran and US destroyed major instillations within Iran including nuclear research fa cilities and galvanising companies. The

Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 14250 words

Dissertation ExampleHowever, several barriers hinder the route to winning implementation of cross- rebound acquisitions. Different authors and scholars keep provided many factors hindering cross border acquisitions. In its entirety, cultural factors essential the biggest attention because of their influence in changing the fate of the merger or acquisition activity. Cross border M&A are termed as marriage between two culturally separate entities and endeavours to supervise M&As arise more from the tenets of cross-cultural management than any other factor. cultural k noneledge has been found to facilitate organizations to come together for M&A with their partners. This view has been propounded by diverse theories like Hofstedes and Trompenaars dimensions, Schwartz Value survey, Kluckhohn and Strodbeck Frame clip , and many others. Application of cultural factors are involved crosswise various activities and different functions that include expatriate management, leadership, moti vation, decision making, managing diversity and developing intercultural communications through managerial competencies. Taking examples of some successful and unsuccessful cross-border mergers and acquisitions and relating these with related theories and models, a study has been conducted to determine how cross-cultural knowledge, cognisance and responsiveness helped the successful parties and vice versa. This research has investigated the cultural issues which are often not given upper limit importance in regard to cross border M&A. The study has helped to gain an understanding of the substance of determination of cultural factors affecting cross border M&A and the necessity to deal with them out front entering into a merger or an acquisition. Also, with perceived and identified gaps, recommendations have been suggested which might improve upon the expressive style cross-border mergers and acquisitions should be implemented and dealt with. The research has been based completel y on secondary sources and case studies. Real liveliness M&A have been taken into consideration based on which a detailed epitome has been done thus determining the cultural factors that may affect cross border M&A. Recommendations have been provided for those organizations that tend to ignore the importance of such cultural differences, often leading to failure. Table of Contents thing Page no. Introduction 7 Research Aims and Objectives 10 -Aim of the research 10 -Objectives of the research 10 Literature Review 11 Limitations of the Study 30 Research Methodology 31 -Research Philosophy 31 -Research technique 32 -Sources of information 32 -Credibility & Verification 33 Findings & Analysis 35 -Study of real manner M&A 36 -Key features of success or failure 43 -Comparison of actual scenario with theoretical models 44 -Discussion 49 Conclusion 51 Recommendation 54 References 57 List of Figures Figure Page no. Figure 1. Different types of mergers and acquisitions 15 Figure 2. Conse quences of differences in individualist or collectivist lashings for work and organizations 18 Figure 3. Consequences of differences in power distance cores for work and organizations 19 Figure 4. Consequences of differences in maleness or femininity scores for work and organizations 20 Figure 5. Consequences of differences in uncertainty avoidance scores for work and organizations 21 Figure 6. Acculturative model for the implementation of mergers 23 Figure 7. Reasons

Soil Mechanics (Geotechnics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Soil Mechanics (Geotechnics - Essay simulationSoil is composed of particles such as silt, clay, gravel and sand and they can too contain other(a) gases that exist in between these particles. The study of defacement is very important because this is what makes the study of geotechnical engineer possible. This is a subtopic in civil engineering and it is a very complex topic. Soil mechanics is applicable in many ways as far as building and construction is concerned and some of the dress hat examples are such as building foundations of bridges, dams and sustaining systems of buried pipelines. This is very important because it ensures that buildings do not pin tumbler apart well in the modern domain of a function and this contributes a lot to the development of different cities world wide. The study of soils is also very important because it contributes a lot to good agricultural products. Many areas of engineering depend on soil mechanics and some of these areas are such as coa stal engineering, geophysical engineering and hydrology among other areas. One of the best ways of approaching the topic on geotechnics and drainage is by means of understanding the composition and genesis of soils. This is one of the best examples of a diagram that clearly defines the institution of soils as far as volumes of water supply, air and solid is concerned. The V?, V?, and Vs re bear the amount of solids, air and water present in a specific mixture of soil. W?, W?, and Ws in the diagram above stand for the weights of solids, air and water within a soil mixture and M?, M?, and Ms stand for the masses of water, solids and air found in a mixture of soil. The formulae for calculating the weights of all the named particles present is Mass multiplied by the acceleration of gravity which is Ws=Mg. Types of Triaxial Tests There are several types of triaxial tests but the just about common ones are Consolidated Drained also known a CD, Consolidated Undrained tests which is al so referred to as UD and Unconsolidated Undrained. In the consolidated drained or CD, the test is done through consolidating and cut back while compressing it with the drainage. In the second type of test, the sample is not drained and in the terzetto type of test, the sample is constantly compressed. This is an example of soil horizons from www.wikipedia.com . A can be referred to as the colluviums or top soil, B is the Residual soil that is mature and C is weathered rock. In most cases, soil deposits become affected by how they are transported to the specific location where they can be found. Understanding the formation and deposition of soils makes it quite easier and understandable especially when it comes to dealing with geotechnics calculations. Clay is composed of several minerals that form structures that behavior like a sheet which have a length range of 10 x 10 ?7 and 4 x 10?5 and its thickness ranges from 9 x 10?9 and 2x 10?6 and their surface area is large. Through un derstanding the formation of soils, one can easily understand how different stresses and shears are formed in different phases on a standard circumstance and all this is part of the study of geotechnics (Chen 2010). Stress rail line submit diagram. Looking at the curve above, one can easily predict the stability of the soil by measuring the shear strain against its shear strength Cell pressure kN/m2 Deviator stress kN/m2 kN/m2 2 (a). Normal and Over- Consolidated Stratum commonly consolidated stratum is one which is very dense and packed tightly as one goes cryptical the strata. An over-consolidated clay stratum is one which occurs when water is squeezed out of the ground with

The importance of bedside report to improve patient satisfaction Annotated Bibliography

The importance of bedside line to improve affected role satisfaction scores - Annotated Bibliography Example moving nurses aware of the usher condition of the patient under care by providing them with all information about the present state of the patient. The nurses leaving the cant over provide a handoff to the nurses taking charge at the end of each nursing shift. It also allows the oncoming nurse an opportunity to visualize the patient and ask questions (Maxson, Derby, Wrobleski, & Foss, 2012, p. 140).In the handoff, nurses inform the new in-charge nurses about the changes in patients progress level, as well as about the essentials that new nurses need to do for the patient during the shift. Nurses get information for preparing handoffs from the patients care excogitation, patient record, and other medical documents and present it to new nurses either through face-to-face communication or as taped handoffs. All of this relates to the construct of quality care nursing. Howeve r, the dilemma is that not every nurse is aware of the importance of bedside nursing hence they do not participate actively in the dressing of a quality care plan. depth psychology of quality care literature reveals that practising nurses are rarely involved in developing or be improvement programs for quality nursing care (Burhans & Alligood, 2010, p. 1689).Delivery of quality care has always remained an area of view in the field of nursing (Burhans & Alligood, 2010, p. 1689). Bedside nursing handoff is an essential part of a quality care plan about which every nursing professional should be trained. In some nursing facilities, nurses consult patients during preparation of handoffs in order to provide patient-centered care to patients. Bedside handover provides an opportunity for patients to be involved as active participants in their care (McMurray, Chaboyer, Wallis, Johnson, & Gehrke, 2011, p. 19). It is not the case that every nurse does this but this step is highly apprecia ted on the end of patients. The reason is that it plays a significant role in promoting safe and

Psy sim 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Psy sim 5 - Essay ExampleIn other words, we conform to the behaviors and opinions of others present in the environment. The ambiguity and uncertainty about the nature of the stimuli atomic number 18 the main reasons behind subjects conforming to other people.Ans The observational design and the conditions created, that is the experimental and the control groups differed on the method of reporting results. The independent variable used in the study was the social pressure individuals experienced. It was found that the errors given in by the majority of people in the study wreakd the perception of the right answer and the subjects gave in to social pressure. Hence they gave wrongs answers.Ans informational social influence happens when there is no obvious correct answer to quantify the given question or situation. wherefore we look towards others for the information on the issue and in order to be right we get influenced by what they think. This finally leads to internalization. A n example can be that in a restaurant we see how people are behaving and we behave in the same way. On the other hand, normative social influence happens when we accept what others perceptions are because we want to be accepted or liked by the group. This influence might also etymon from a thought process designed to prevent embarrassment or a possible sarcasm from the normative population they belong to. This finally leads to compliance. An example to illustrate is that teenagers start smoking because others in their look group smoke.Ans reactance is the desire for personal control. Burger (1987) defined reactance as an emotional reaction in say contradiction to rules or regulations that threaten or eliminate specific behavioral freedoms. It can cause the individuals to remove an attitude that is contrary to what others think and increases resistance to social influence.Ans The thought processes involved the concepts of objects which led the legal opinion to

Contemporary Canadian Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Contemporary Canadian Art - strive ExampleThis something that can be conceived scarcely not seen nor made visible is often referred to as the sublime, a quality of transcendent greatness with which nothing else can be compared and which is beyond all possibility of calculation, bar or imitation (Wikipedia, 2006). The presence of this sublime element was felt to inspire the imagination in a specific direction based on which elements remain visible or understandable. Its significance is in the delegacy in which it brings attention to the uncertainty of meaning inherent in the work, such(prenominal) that no resolution makes itself apparent. The crowning(prenominal) goal for artists of this period was to forget the training they received in art school in sight to recapture the sense of wonder and imagination reflected in art produced by children or primitives, those who had received no art training. It was by forgetting the rules that the intuitive or sublime elements of art were a ble to shine through. Artists such as Canadian-born Joyce Weiland were able to circumvent the rules of established art by exploring their creativity in more than one medium, but not all artists found it necessary to forget what theyd learned. For a Canadian artist such as Norval Morrisseau, the self-taught nature of his art enabled him to create images that translated to the canvas directly from his heart. Yet each of these artists managed to convey a deep sense of spirituality and connection to the land of their birth as a comparison of Weilands painting Experiment with Life (1983) with Morrisseaus Shaman with Sacred Corn demonstrates.

What does a particular scene tell us about the songstress-character Essay

What does a particular scene key out us about the songstress-character - Essay ExampleDuring our research we used the information concerning the topic from different books and articles as for example the book by Emilie Yueh-yu named China. The International Film Musical Primitive Passions Visuality, Sexuality, Ethnography, and Contemporary Chinese movie house by Rey Chow and the Film history an introduction by Kristin Bordwell, David Thompson. These books describe different aspects of the Chinese subscribe tomaking in general the Yueh-yus book reveals some important peculiarities of the songstress Grace Chang and the image of Deng Sijia created by her in the charter The Wild, Wild Rose. Also this essay includes our own thoughts concerning the Deng Sijias representation (behaviour) and its resemblance to the typical Hollywood films.The film under the study resembles more American than Chinese style of the main characters representation. The pen Rey Chow gives a critical point of view to the Chinese filmmakers who create their works imitating the American ones (Chow Rey, 1995). So the given film is obviously one of those who fell a victim to such a criticism. And insure with the Chows point of view. Emilie Yueh-yu in her turn claims that From the beginning, musicals in China were entangled with Western forms and hence unlikely to qualify as national cinema, despite the importance of opers and popular songs in Chinese vivification (Yueh-yu. 2012).To my mind, the songstress, in that part where she sings the song TheMerry Widow, shows us one of the most vivid examples of the American-style behaviour. She is trying to entice a young pianist by touching his face, laying her hands on his shoulders and carelessly play with his hair. She also uses all her feminine power to draw the pianists attention she dances around the piano, graciously sways around her beloved man. So, we can say that the behaviour of the Wild Rose is quite unusual in comparison with that o ne which is typical and considered to be normal for the Chinese

Book and Movie 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Book and Movie 2 - assay Exampleabout the pneumonic beset would trigger irrational fear and force those infected into secrecy whereby, they would go on long vacations further spreading the disease (Kazan). Tony Hillermans The First Eagle, concurs with dears representation of communicable diseases however, his focus is on Black death (contracting the pneumonic plague from picture to infected dead tissue). Communicable diseases are highly contagious, which necessitates timely and adequate containment before an outbreak that arbitrarily attacks the population (CDC). Discussed below is transmission, shift in vector location, and pollution spread of the bacterium that causes the pneumonic plague as portrayed in Elia Kazans film and Hillermans novel.Kazans movie reveals that about pathogens remain active in dead tissues (corpses), which have not undergone proper sanitization procedures aimed at suppressing the pathogens viability or infectious nature. The pneumonic plague, which repr esents the disease featured in the movie is one such example. Research by the Center for Diseases Control and Prevention (CDC) identifies Yersinia pestis as the bacterium responsible for causing the pneumonic plague. The disease attacks the respiratory system aggressively. Transmission of the disease occurs either from human to human or from zoologys to humans. Transmission through the antecedent (primary transmission) occurs when a non-infected person inhales air exhaled by an infected person or when a non-infected person is undefended to infected dead tissue. Conversely, animal to human transmission occurs when a non-infected individual eats an infected animal or is exposed to fleas on the infected animal for example, a 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) news report revealed that pneumonic plague infection in Northwest China resulted from human contact with fleas from infected animals during hunt club expeditions (CDC). Black Death, is the name given to transmission of the p neumonic plague

Networking in Telecommunications Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Networking in Telecommunications - Term Paper ExampleThey also fork over a spew of go and support functions. The channels ar the reception and transmission points for the messages and data. The profit computers argon set so that they ascertain a web connection by use of different media. The network software administers the control and functional activities, assisted by the software in a network. The configuration of telecom network has three main components the user plane, the control plane and the management plane. The control plane carries control data and information, the data plane checks the user traffic in the network and the management plane carries the political science and operation traffic over the network (Gnanasivam, 2006). Telecommunication networks are of three types, these are wide cranial orbit network, metropolitan area network and local area network. The network that is stretched over a large geographical is known as wide area network (WAN). Metropolitan area network (MAN) covers the area of more or less one city or county. The communication of computers in an extremely small area is known as local area network (LAN) (Gnanasivam, 2006). ... These networks types are relatively inexpensive and easy to install for small networks. In the Star network topology all devices are connected to a middle device, called a hub. The Star networks are comparatively easy to install & run, but blockage crumb occur since all data must(prenominal) go through the hub. The ring topology links computers on a distinct circle of cable. Signals aesthesist around the loop in one way and pass through every computer which acts give care a repeater to boost up the signal and propel it on to the subsequent computer. The Hybrid Topology Groups of star- organized workstations are linked to a linear bus backbone cable that combines the characteristics of bus and star topologies Wireless Devices are linked by a receiver/transmitter to a unique network interfac e card that conveys signals between a computer and a server. This transmittance happens with an acceptable transmission range (Mehdi, 2006). Architecture Two primary types of architectures exist Peer-to-peer (P2P) network Client/server network The peer-to-peer is the simplest type of network. Its characterized by every computer communicating directly with all other computers. The Client/Server Networks operate use of a central computer, known as a Server. The server facilitates communication and resource overlap among other computers on the network. These other computers are known as Clients. The client server network can be compared to a public library in terms of resource sharing. The librarian manages the use of books by patrons a server manages the use of common resources by clients (Mehdi, 2006). Protocols A protocol is a standard that identifies the layout of data in addition to the rules to be followed during transmission. In simple terms, a computer talks to another

Differences in writing from 1945-present Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Differences in writing from 1945-present - Essay ExampleChurch sledding and The Sharping Stone are very similar looking poems at first base glance. This is beca intent, at their most elemental level, these poems both rest on the same poetic foundations. Each poem is about sixty lines long, divided into seven and six stanzas respectively. (Larkin, Heaney). The main reason they appear so similar, however, is that they both share the same poetic expression, blank verse. This poetic structure, with each line five sets of two stressed-unstressed syllable pairings and no rhyme scheme, gives both poems a simultaneous feel of modernity (because of the unrhymed, prose-style structure) and timelessness (due to their use of Iambs, the same poetic structure that Shakespeare wrote in). Clearly approximately of the timeless forms of English poetic structure span the tale of years and are used at the opening of the twenty-first century much in the same way they were in the middle of the twent ieth. darn they appear very similarly on the page due to utilizing the same length, stanza structure and poetic pattern, study the poems reveal that they give much differences than similarities. The Church Going relies on a simple narrative structure to convey its messages, telling a story in a logical order in the first person Once I am sure theres nothing going on / I step inside, letting the door thud shut (Larkin lines 1-3). This story flows in a chronological order and makes perfect sense to the reader as such. Seamus Heaney, however, creates a series of detailed vignettes, changing conniption from an apothecarys chest of drawers to Airless cinder-depths and even switching person from first to trey throughout, depending on what was most appropriate for the scene (Heaney 1, 7). While these two poems share the same bones, very diverse structures are built on them, from Larkins classic and relatively simple narrative to Heaneys incredibly complex series of seemingly disconn ected vignettes. An examination of short stories shows that, much like poetry, short stories have the have the same fundamentals even over a sixty year time-span. two Bradburys The Veldt shares the same basic short story format, with interpretation, rising action, a climax and a resolution. Both books open with an introduction of the characters two parents, George and Lydia in The Veldt and Ruma and her father in Unaccustomed Earth (Bradbury 7, Lahiri 3). This exposition section is quickly followed by the generation of conflict, in the forms of a broken holographic nursery which produces a lion-filled jungle to hunt the parents in The Veldt (Bradbury 9) and the conflict between father and daughter over acclimation to new cultures in Unaccustomed Earth (Lahiri 5). Both stories also have an unexpected event for a climax and a brief denouement (Bradbury, Lahiri). Though sixty years separate them, Bradbury and Lahiri both use the same tried and true formula, and the most basic of ele ments of both of their stories strongly resemble each another(prenominal) in that respect. Like in the case of poetry, however, the structural similarities do not translate to similarities in the more nuanced aspects of each work. One of the biggest areas of difference is the sensory experience given by each book.

The Starbucks Experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Starbucks welcome - Essay ExampleIt provides a background of Starbucks growth from humble origins to a household name globally as a result of their amazingly successful management philosophy. The book states five guiding principles for crook ordinary into extraordinary whether one is a small business owner or a multi-million sawbuck company.Based on facts in the book, during the companys peak, Starbucks success equated to five new stores every solar day 365 days each year worldwide (Michelli 7). In spite Starbucks amazing growth, the company keeps on maintaining their reputation for quality and a special client experience. This is an indication of how well the company understands globalization and international business. With coffee shops in over 35 countries, Starbucks has proven that its principles transcend cultural barriers.There are many another(prenominal) tips from the book that will benefit Human Resource professionals as well as supervisors and managers of compani es and organizations. The book sites, for example, the business of employees lifeless customer return. The book does not offer the usual one-sided approach to good customer service, but rather gives the at heart secrets based on a model of success. From each of the five principles, Michelli provides unimaginative methods for the reader to absorb and apply as appropriate in his or her specific work situation.For example, brusque acts as simple as reminding employees to be litter picker-uppers (34) would be an innovative idea for some businesses. Companies neer know what catches the eye of their clients or customers, so they must pay attention to little details inside the store. These small things may leave customers walking away with poor lasting impressions. Michelli further points out, Consistency, ritual, routine, community and service recovery are key. If you and your business succeed at delighting every person you work with, you will be a beloved company. (108)Additionally , the book explains problems

Spirituality in Organizational Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

spirituality in Organizational Strategy - Essay ExampleSenior leaders of the presidency should be able to embrace it strategically and use it as a determinant of giving medicational performance. A leader should have emotional intelligence which ordain help support the spirituality of an organization. Casey claims that if a leader does not have emotional intelligence, it will be hard for him of her to embrace spirituality in his organization (34-46). Recently, there has been a major debate on backup and spirituality, where many leaders have advocated for a link between issues of the soul and corporate success. However, there is some irony in this spirituality and business juxtaposition if a leader decides to reflect upon the signs of corporate s keisterdals that have been brought by multiple legal and honorable lapses that occur in any organization. However, one would be cynical to think that spirituality phenomenon is a terra firma of many contradictions in organizations. This paper aims to explain why spirituality in an organization is strategically crucial and how leaders potty use it as a determinant of organizational performance. Leaders often suspect spirituality that is used outside any religious meetings, and therefore, this paper will discuss useful objectives that can be internalized into an organization strategy and how organizational lead can affect their success. A leader is psyche who is capable of influencing his followers to behave or think the same stylus. Spirit on the other hand, can be defined as a vital force within living beings. If we combine the two terms, it suggests that a leader is someone who can understand and seek out his inner self as head as fosters the same intend to his employees. Srivastra asserts that spirituality in leadership is an approach in leadership where a leader will strive to influence a sense of interconnectedness and significance among his employees (45-67). spiritualty in leadership therefore, inv olves principles and spiritual values in the workplace. If a leader is spiritual he will understand the significance of employees regaining meaning in the work, which demonstrate a genuine concern for the accompaniment person and not just workers. Spirituality in leadership will help assist employees find meaning in their duties by addressing important questions like the great purpose of their work as well as the worth of their work. Additionally, it will help them in specify their ethical values and principles, legacy and who they are in the organization. Therefore, a spiritual leader will try hard to make his workplace a community, consisting of employees with shared beliefs, values and traditions. Such leadership will also focus more diversity and transformation, earlier than on people and power as well as controlling. It will also focus on inspiration and collaboration (Nandam 23-46). However, this does not mean that being a spiritual leader, a leader should pose to a part icular religion or attempt to convince his employees to pursue specific religious hardening of principles. It is concerned more with the growth of the workers as an individual person, people who show off their compassion to their customers, superiors, employees and subordinates (Bubna 34-88). Spirituality in an organization is important because the employers in the workplace will be able to find the meaning of their lives. In the world at present, most of the employees look up to their workplace as one of the ways of defining their lives as well as give meaning to their lives that is torn apart by modern way of living. For example, back then people lived as close knit family, including their extended family, but the world today has changed because nuclear family is not enough to give an employee emotional support and

REPORT Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

REPORT - Essay ExampleWhilst at the time the foodstuff Oracle forecast was for growth for 2008 of between 1% and 1.3%. Now some 7 months into the year, and a series of adjustments later the mainstream forecasters are starting to come around to our forecast for 2008. (Walayat, 2008) The above statistics clearly shows that the accredited crisis is to a greater extent serious than anticipated. Even most of the expert economists were failed to predict the current crisis and hence most of the organizations could not control any precautionary measures to tackle it. As per British chamber of commerce unemployment may cross to a greater extent than 3 million as Britains manufacturers, retailers and service industries feel the full effects of the downturn. Most of the economists now reckon that the current recess may be worse than that happened in 1990s. The UK economy may be change magnitude by as oft as 2.9%, which may result in the risk of deflation this year. (Inman, 2009)Real soi l sector is one of the most affected areas in Britain also like most of the other countries because of the current crisis. The field of operations prices have almost reached an all time low in the recent past. Archer predicted house prices would fall another 15%, while Capital Economics said it could be as much as 20% as the cost of the average home headed for a 50% fall from its circular in the summer of 2007. (Inman, 2009)Most of the organizations are now searching for organizational strategies and change management theories to persist during these dipping economic period. They are now studying the external environment, analyzing their organizations competitive advantages, implementing new strategies, ever-changing the existing management styles, studying organizational culture and efficiency to counter the problems caused by the current recession. The notable British economist, Herbert Spencer, who first coined the phrase survival of the fittest to summarize Darwins revolutio nary

Organizational Behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 2

Organizational Behavior - Essay ExampleThe charter of memorial tabletal behavior is extremely important as it plays a major role in ascertain the efficiency and effectiveness level of employees. Interpersonal skills for four-in-hands For managers in organizations, it is extremely vital that they develop strong social skills. Good interpersonal skills of managers may allow them to lead their employees in a better way and overly effectively deal with the organizational related to matters. Managers ar to make decisions effectively and as well as have to define the right task to the right employee. The work to be handled properly in an organization is the responsibility of the manager (Robbins and Judge, 2009). Managers motivation to develop skilful communication skills so that they can clearly get their message crossways the entire organization and all the subordinates that are working under the organization. Management Functions The management functions in an organizatio n are planning, controlling, leading and organizing. The managers have to plan the work activities and set goals for each task so that the employees effect the work accordingly. While planning, managers have to tally all activities are coordinated. The planning stage of the organization is superstar of the most critical stages as managers need to understand the entire situation and then plan the history of the work processes accordingly. In the leading function, managers have to direct the employees towards the right path of performing work and also work on resolving conflicts for the employees. The leading stage for managers is highly important as well as employees need to be guided towards the right direction at all times without any problems so that they perform their work accordingly. The controlling function focuses on comparing the set goals with those that have been achieved and monitor forever and a day that all tasks are being completed on time (Robbins and Judge, 2009 ). Controlling of employees is needed by managers at all times. s Henry Mintzbergs Managerial Roles There are many theorists that have suggested theories related to organizational behavior. Henry Mintzberg has defined the managerial roles in an organization that is categorized under three headings. They are the interpersonal roles, the informational roles and the decisional roles. Under the Interpersonal roles category, the managers have to possess the figurehead, leader and liaison characteristics to successfully perform this role. Managers need to possess all the skills to deal with unexpected situations and also with difficult employees (Robbins and Judge, 2009). In the informational roles category, the manager performs the activities of monitor, disseminator, and spokesperson. Managers need to ensure that they are in total control of the activities that are under their supervision. They need to have complete association about the work and be in a strong position to guide their employees accordingly as and when required. In the decisional roles category, the manager has to perform the roles of entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, and negotiator. Managers need to possess conflict handling abilities as conflicts and stress related situations tend to be a common issue in all organizations. Employees may lose their patience at times and may spoil the work processes. Managers need to be good negotiators and strong leaders to handle all types of behavior and attitudes of employees (Robbins and Judge, 2009). Katzs Essential Management Skills Katz essential management skills state that managers should have the technical skills, the human skills and the conceptual skills. In technical skills,

The Badja Essay Example for Free

The Badja EssayIntroductionThe Badjao which literally means fisherfolk or simply fishermen is a group of indigenous quite a little that are usually referred to as Sea Gypsies, do use of small woody boats copen topical anestheticly as vinta. In their houseboats, also known as Lepa and Pelang, they usually carry all their belongings and valuables as they travel from one place to an different. According to Dr. Pendatun I. Talib, secretarial assistant General and Founder of the National Sama-Badjao Movement, Inc., and currently director of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources-Regional Fisheries Training Center in the Zamboanga Peninsula, the children of the Badjao people feel more at home whenever they are aboard their vintas because of their ties with the sea having been at the sea. ObjectivesTo know the Badjaos way of livingTo know how they live in their current placesTo know their rudimentary unremarkable routine, traditions, beliefs, and practicesHypothesisIf I would continue my research about the badjaos, then I would know their way of living. brandificance of StudyIf I would continue my research and studies about this, it would Change not only my way only when also other peoples way of treating the badjao people. Change my first impression on pagan groups like the badjaos. Let me know the way how they live and how they kept alive their culture.Let me know the traditions, routines, practices, and beliefs of the badjao people. conceptual FrameworkDefinition of TermsBadjao in its origin simply means Man of the SeasVinta, small wooden boats known locally.Lepa and Pelang, other term for houseboats.The patadjung/tadjong has many uses. Among the Badjao it is large enough to fit any person and is fatigued by both men and women as a skirt or gown tucked at the chest level.It can serve as putung (headcover), waistband, sash, blanket, hammock, shoulder bag, cradle, pouch, hood, or pillow. A simpay (band) forms the front opening and extends to the tail from a small collar. The gallang (bracelet) is the most popular ornament.Lampblack is used to outline a rectangle on her forehead and this is emphasized by yellow ginger juice. The leleng is call for any occasion, by anyone of any age. It is also sung for special occasions like weddings, haircuts, or circumcisions. Binoa is similarly chanted as the leleng.Igal or pangalay, performed by the female, is the basic traditional dance movement. Pag-Omboh A ritual that traces its origin to the Pre-Islamic times, it is observed by the people who believe that playacting it is necessary to ensure a sense of well being and to preserve the uponony between the actual and notion worlds. This practice is usually done when illness/death strikes the family. This misfortune is seen as a sign of the patient having offended or displeased a spirit Pag-Jinn It is an opportunity for the faith healers and shamans to commune with the spirit to help sustain and enhance their healing powers. It captures the depth of animism that is an integral part of the belief system of the people Pag-Diwata it is characterized by intense and frenetic ritual dancing to the tune of the Agong and Kulintang Pag Tulak Balah It is a water ritual of symbolical cleansingPagtimbang and Paggunting The child is placed on a weighing scale traditionally made of a wooden pole with Patadjong, wherein ritual goods equal to his or her weight are placed. While the Paggunting is traditionally held to coexist with the Maulidin-Nabi, the day when the Holy Prophet Muhammad was born Pag Tammat One way to achieve this is through the Pangadji series of tutorials with the local guru or imam, who inculcates the importance of the Holy Quran into the life of the learner Pagkawin A wedding begins with the Magpahanda, the formal presentation of a marriage proposal with a request for parental consent.The Mahal (dowry) is brought to the brides house. The marriage is solemnized with witnesses with duwaa (praye r), hutbah nika (counseling), and ends with pagbatal, or when the school touches the forehead of the bride with his thumb System of Pag Kubol The body is bathed amid prayers, it is then shrouded with a new white cloth followed by the Sambahayang Mayat (prayer) to be led by an Imam. Pagkubol must take place within 24 hours of death Putikaan Consulting the Putikaan for the clement time to set out for any activity or voyages ensures success and, Hinang-Hinang (Barang) An Spiritual Act that causes harm to other people using some needle materials, scissors, and egg, or maybe using some other objects.

Story of Dubliners Essay Example for Free

Story of Dubliners EssayThe very beginning composition of Dubliners outlines a large theme that can overlay much of the book and may in part be why James Joyce decided to group all of these short stories into one book. The startle short story called 2 Sisters focuses on the palsy of a young boy as the imp eradicate death of his mentor Father Flynn draws closer. The boy walks past the priests home showing that a part of him can non let go and that he himself is paralyzed by the loss of his fri arrest and mentor who was prepping him for the priesthood. In the first paragraph of the book the fibber talks of the word paralysis and says It filled me with fear, and yet I longed to be nearer to it and to look upon its deadly formulate (Joyce, 3).The quote summarizes a recurring theme end-to-end Dubliners and prepares the reader by showing how paralysis in life story is dangerous and leads to unhappiness. The story following Two Sisters is called An Encounter which is about two boys and their adventures while contractping school. Seeking escape from everyday life the boys decide to skip school and throw away an adventure much like the adventures that Mahoney reads in his books. At the start of their day their true plan is working out for them apart from the fact that Joe Dillon who promised to join them was a no show.However, the title suggests that something would witness to the boys. While they are in a field they see an experienceder spell coming remunerate towards them. The old man is particularly creepy towards the boys after asking them about their girlfriends and then leaving paseo to another part of the field and then coming back talking of beating Mahoney. Faced by this odd situation the fibber feels paralyzed from taking some sort of action to avoid the old man. Mahoney ran off chasing a cat, and the narrator pr til nowtativeed and instead of leaving as well, the peculiarity of the situation keeps him from acting. The narrator does not respond to the man and sits hoping for the moment to just pass by. Only at the very end of the story is the narrator able to stand up and break free from his paralysis.The next story in Dubliners called Araby, centers around a younger boy who has a crush on his friends babe who is likely a few years older. Her presence in the story greatly resembles An Encounter because she is seen as an escape to the narrator. She allows him to break away from the dull dragging on everyday life by adult the boy over romanticized thoughts. He goes to the bazaar to get her a gift, however he arrives late and does not have as much money as wanted to buy her a gift. By the end he gives up his attempts to purchase a gift and has a sort of epiphany however it is not a positive one.The paralysis in the story centers on this youthful defeat and eludes that life itself will be much the same. The three stories prepare the reader for the paralysis in Eveline because in the stories preceding the paralysis i s the same, but slightly different every time. In Two Sisters the narrator is paralyzed from the beginning and thinks heavily on the work itself and how destructive it can be. The narrator foreshadows the theme that continues through the whole novel.In An Encounter the narrator is paralyzed in the field by the old man, but he manages to overcome it after a while and leaves. In Araby the narrator breaks free from paralysis when he has his romanticized feelings for his friends sister, but at the end is defeated and thrown back into paralysis after failing to get her a gift. In Eveline the paralysis is so evident that the narrator is described as clinging to the cold iron bars. The theme of paralysis is most evident in this story than it is through the entire novel, however the stories placed before Eveline were take to help the reader further understand paralysis and how it affects people constantly every day.Short rejoinder5.In Two Gallants Lenehan receives a great deal of depth ev en though on the surface he could be seen as a simple con man. Lenehans partner, Corely, is fairly one dimensional and is a great contrast from Lenehan. Corley seems content with the life that he lives in that he is described as a leech however Lenehan is shown in a much different light in that he seems impertinent when walking with Corely at the beginning of the story, lost in his thoughts. Later when Lenehan is walking on his own he thinks of how he wants to settle down and get a steady job with steady pay and have a good home life possibly with a family.The wishes that he has for a better life shows his depth while his partner has none, but once Lenehan sees the gold chain Corely conned a maid into thievery it seems unlikely Lenehan will change. 2.In An Encounter the narrator and Mahoney skip school in search of adventure, however by the end of the story their relationship has greatly changed. Although the narrator never says anything to Mahoney many of his private thoughts are of him intellection why is Mahoney talking to the old man. He was confused on why Mahoney was egging on the old man by having a conversation while the narrator sat silently.The narrator by the end of the story thinks of Mahoney as dumb for being unable to see the oddness of the situation with the old man as he was able to. 4.In Eveline she is undecided on the notion of leaving with her love, Frank, and abandoning her family, particularly her father. The quote It was hard work a hard life but now that she was about to leave it she did not find it a wholly undesirable life plays on the fact that numerous time in the story she changes her understanding on whether or not to leave.Certain things make her want to leave such as cerebration about how her mother felt stuck, while other things made her want to stay such as the harp playing reminding her of her mothers death. She constantly is convincing herself to either go or stay even if the reason that she comes up with goes against h ow she actually feels. Her logic leaves her saying things like the quote in that even though she feels the want to leave she convinces herself it is just as nice to stay home.

Organizational culture Essay Example for Free

Organizational purification EssayFor a family, fundamental lawal culture is truly(prenominal) distinguished be be feature the culture is like some cordial occasion that the exerciseee back be based for. In addition, the organizational culture is outlined as a system of sh atomic number 18d meaning and beliefs within an organization that determines, in a astronomical degree, how employees act (Robbins, et al., 2003, p. 70). Founders of new organizations and theater directors play an important role in creating and maintaining organizational cultures. However, honorable organizational cultures are those in which ethical values and norms are emphasized. As J iodins and George (2003, p. 350) argue that ethical organizational cultures coffin nail help oneself organizations and their members behave in a affablely responsible manner. Some might believe that if they do the ethical corporate culture, they get out be able to get much profit.Meanwhile, Arnold and Lampe (19 99, pp. 1-19, cited in Robbins, et al., p. 154) claim that the content and effectualness of an organizations culture also influences ethical behavior. Nevertheless, a strong culture will have a real powerful and positive influence on managers decisions to act ethically and unethically. whereas, in a weak organizational culture, managers are more(prenominal) likely to rely on subculture norms as a behavioral guide. Work groups and departmental standards will strongly influence ethical behaviour in organizations with weak overall cultures.Alongside with organizational culture, there are two more things that have strong correlation with it. The first one is ethics. moral philosophy is the code of moral principles and values that govern that behavior of a person or group with regard to what is right or wrong (Robbins, et al., 2003, p. 150). The second thing that has strong correlation with culture is social certificate of indebtedness. It is a managements obligation to make choice s and take activity that will contribute to the welfare and interest of society as well(p) as to the interest of the organization (Robbins, et al., 2003, p. 138).Nevertheless, managers who have ethical behavior and social responsibility can build a good reputation for their company. As Donaldson and Werhane (1993, pp.249-254) argue that having a good reputation of a company can increase profit. In addition, Robbins (et al., 2003, pp. 161-165) defines social responsibility is an obligation, beyond that required by the legality andeconomics, for a firm to pursue long-run goals that are good for society. However, social responsibility is the duty of manager to make decision consider with well-being of stakeholders and society. In fact, there are two main consumes of managements social responsibility, which are classical view and socioeconomic view (Robbins, 2003, p. 407). Additionally, classical view aims to maximize profits, whereas socioeconomic view is that social responsibilit y goes beyond the increasing profit to make better the welfare of society.It is very important that managers substantiate and develop an ethical culture because employees more likely to act ethically if their coverer work having an ethical role model (Jones, George, 2003, pp.101-103). Working ethically is a responsibility to the society. Nevertheless, this is very important as it can parry harming stakeholders and also enhance the well-being of society as a whole. Stakeholders including employees, customers, suppliers, competitors, governments, media, union, communities, social and political action groups, etc (Robbins, et al., 2003, pp. 92-93).There are still some examples for the reference of socially responsible behavior such as providing training for workers, eliminating discrimination and reducing pollution (Robbins, et al., 2003, p. 407). Providing training for workers can enhance their skills and techniques for work and it can improve the productivity and efficiency. Wor kers will not be obsolete by the changes of technology so it benefits employees as well as the company (Tsang, 2003, p. 25). Social responsibility and economic growth is related sometimes. At first, the profit whitethorn be reduced by the costs of training workers, however, when the trained employees can work efficiently, the productivity will be increased learned by increasing profit at last.Eliminating discrimination is a social responsibility of managers. Some companies would like to employ a specific kind of person but not the others and cause ine timberland is spangn as discrimination. For instance, some companies would prefer employ a local student to an outside(a) student or they prefer employ man to woman (Pagan, 2000, p. 619). It is harm to firm if they refuse to employ some other races people since they can provide somenew ideas to the company for reference.These new ideas may not be collide withed from local employers as foreigners have different culture from the loc al and they can straits some useful information from the other view for the decision making. This is why an organizational culture which has officially adopted a specific position, philosophy, or set of beliefs regarding the fundamental values or principles, is an important thing to be used as the basis for business decision making. moreover, if managers keep labor Market discrimination, it would lead to society chaotic and harm the society. Therefore, managers should bear the social responsibility to reduce discrimination.Another point that supports an organization to become socially responsible is that when a company being socially responsible, which means that the company has long-term goals. Company should higher the quality of a product to benefit customers to provide a better quality of life (Samli, 1992, p.12). The real example about this is The Body Shop. Although The Body Shop is looking for the profit, they still very concern about the environment. They use goods that n ot give bad impact on the environment.The product that the embody shop sells is more expensive than others because they use the materials that do not give bad impact to the environment. As a result, people still buy their product because people know that they choose the right product. More expensive but in their product, it cant be found anything that can damage their self and more important damage the environment. As we have seen, by being socially responsible, the firm can gain long-run profit and improve the companys public image (Davis, et al., 1988, p. 37).In short, it can be seen that being socially responsible and following ethical corporate culture is much more profitable. But, since not all the companies have ethical corporate culture, there are some policies or practices that can be worked to encourage it. Firstly, the company should provide some training for the new and current employee because with the training activities it will make all the employee know about the cul ture and can adapt with the organizations culture. Secondly, the company should punish the person who do not go after or perform appropriate with the culture and give respect to the person who perform and do the culture. With that penalization and respect the employee will think that obey the culture is important. Third, the leaders in the company have to do the culture, so the employee can follow the leader to do the culture. Senior management needs to zealous avoid any decision or action that could reasonably be expected to communicate selfish want for imposing an ethics philosophy, system, or measurement on employees (www.centeronline.org/knowledge/article.cfm?ID=2431).In conclusion, social responsibility is an important element for a company to success. Social responsibility brings company reputation followed by higher profit. Those firms having social responsibility can improve peoples quality of life and their health. It can also stable the society from chaotic. Therefore, m anagers should follow regulations and work ethically with the consideration of societys well-being. Briefly, if one company is concerned about the ethical corporate culture which means that the company and the employee know what is right and wrong and know how to behave in the company. Thus, in one company it is very important to have ethical corporate culture.

Speech example Essay Example for Free

Speech example EssayAn important deathless root in The Shawshank red inkemption directed by Frank Darabont, is hope. The film demonstrates how hope is so world-shattering in life. Frank Darabont indicates the idea that hope is still important in our lives because having or lack in hope, affects pack personally, nationally and worldwide. The film techniques narration/dialogue, symbolism and lighting were used by the director to put forward this important idea of hope. Through these film techniques the director helps the viewer think about how having or lacking hope can affect our lives and helps the viewer conclude that having hope, is a good thing, Andy Dufresnes conclusion as well. During the closing scene when Red finds and reads Andys letter, Dialogue is used as a film technique to portray the inspiring idea of hope. Dialogue helps create the effect of encouragement and comfort. Andys letter to Red says, Remember Red, hope is a good thing, maybe the best of things, an d no good thing constantly dies. This use of dialogue is heart felt advice from some angiotensin-converting enzyme who has experienced enceinte hardship. Andy believes that hope is not wholly ever lasting it is also the greatest possibility to aspire towards. This dialogue helped me realize the timeless idea of hope because Andy in his letter accurately writes that hope is a good thing and that good things never die (timeless/generation). Those who have the ability and the willpower to hope are those who will be redeemed.The technique of symbolization that the director uses effectively portrays the idea of hope, through the poster of Rita Hayworth pinned to Andys cell wall. The poster of Rita Hayworth represents the door to emancipation and Andys desire to escape to a normal life. The poster of Rita Hayworth not only conceals the chiselled hole alone also symbolizes life remote of the prison and the hope of a normal life again. For example Rita Hayworth was one of the about popular actresses of that time desired and admired by millions of people. She represents the outside world and the American dream. Rita Hayworth helped me understand the timeless idea of hope because as an attractive famous woman she instils hope for those without hope peculiarly Andy who is imprisoned. Often people (no matter what generation) who arewithout hope find comfort in a cognize person. In Andys case his desire towards Hayworth parallels his desire to escape. Reminders of the outside world have comforted passim time. Paul in the bible who was also imprisoned sought comfort in the disciples.The last technique used to emphasize the idea of hope is lighting. The director uses lighting to reveal the hopelessness of life at bottom Shawshank prison. When Andy first arrives at the gates of Shawshank prison, the light is bright and natural. This lighting represents Andys last glimpse of the outside world, that of freedom. As Andy walks into the main door of Shawshank prison, the light rapidly fades into darkness. This use of fading light displays how dark and minatory Shawshank prison is, and contrasts the outside world. This scene also suggests it is the beginning of Andys personal hope descending. For example the timid lighting reflects Andys mood as he enters the prison. The emotion on his face is sadness, fear, disappointment and grief. This suggests Andys spiral into hopelessness. Frank Darabont helps the audience understand the lack of hope is relevant throughout time because most prisoners would feel a degree of despair knowing they are no longer free people and furthermore if they are innocent like Andy the misery and disbelief would be even more traumatic. swear is the driving force to happiness and freedom. Without hope we will not be able to overcome great difficulty particularly when all odds are against us. The director Frank Darabont has shown us through the quality Andy that his hope is intangible and unbreakable.

Education and its impacts in students learning Essay Example for Free

Education and its encroachments in students cultivation EssayThe newspaper is slightly preparation and how its impacts enhance students eruditeness. Universal access to knowledge is one of the millennium goals of development. The main observations withstand been made together with the impacts. There is a brief introduction to what education really is. In addition, the prove further concludes by giving recommendations to what should be done to ensure every person has access to learning facilities both in the growth and undeveloped countries. Introduction Education nates be termed as riches of awargonness. It can be picked up by a person and passed from one generation to the next subsequently studying a certain subject or undergoing life lessons. It can be said to be a form of learning. Unfortunately, universal access to education has not been completely attained. A great education begins at domicil hence the kind of a background a child comes from exit devote an im pact on their education. Observations made on education It has been observed that poverty particularly in developing countries is a major cause for education inequality. Secondly, the importance of education in modern world cannot be taken for granted.For instance, some sectors such as the military previously did not put emphasis on education requirements but currently they take raised minimum education requirements. It has also been observed that roughly countries are adopting modern technology in their learning institutions. There has been an increase in use of electronic devices such as laptops and I pads. More so, learning has been made easier since one can be educated from home through the e-learning. The observations made can be compared to the education indicators as listed by Aud et. al (2013).Impacts on students learning The Social economic status is based on the put ups level of learning, their profession, salary and their position in their favorable order. Parents w ith a luxuriously social economic status are presumable to lay a good background for their children education than those of low status. They can afford to buy their children more or less of education materials they require such as pens, books and toys for young kids to enhance their early schooling. They are also fitted of ensuring that their offspring have access to quality health care.In addition, these parents can access information about the well performing schools and they can also afford to pay the fees. On the other hand, parents with low social economic status usually do not have high levels of education hence their children will not be well prepared at home to start schooling unlike those with high social economic status. Gender in most African countries is still an issue to be looked upon. Boys are always privilegered when it comes to access to education especially when resources to take children to school are limited.For instance, dismantle if a girl had a better s core than a boy, parents in most of African countries will prefer to take the boy for higher learning. Studies have shown that most of the poorest women in most countries have not even completed their primary school. Poverty is another impact on education. Children from poor households are less likely to perform well in class. These children usually have less participation in class, their level of lyric is low hence unlikely to perform well.Their parents cannot afford good nutrition for their kids and as a result, kids whitethorn have nutritional related illnesses and their education is disrupted. Parenting is the process of upbringing children. A childs parent is commonly their first educator. Parents have roles of ensuring that their children are prepared for school, for example by ensuring that they have sufficient diet and good health, this is necessary for a child concentration in class which results to good performance. It is at home that parents mostly emphasis on virtues s uch as hard work, integrity and commitment.The Society also has an impact on education. Community customs and practices have a great impact on education, which can every be helpful or damaging. For example, communities with traditions that encourage early marriages for girls prevent them from accessing their fundamental right to education. Technology, which is being embraced quite a well in most countries, has a great impact on students performance. This is majorly for students in higher learning institutions. Students with access internet are able to complete their assignments in time.Most of higher learning institutions have embraced modern technology and they are offering some courses or units online, this is convenient for those students with access to internet because they can take classes at their free time and can also learn at their own pace. culmination Social economic status and poverty have the greatest impact on children access to education. opposite factors with impa ct on education are access to technology, parenting, and race among others. These factors may have positive or negative impacts on children access to education.Undesirable effects such as inequality in education can be dealt with by making primary school education free and compulsory. If possible, education at each stage should be made free or affordable to everyone, promoting women education, discouraging child advertise and school dropouts. Embracing modern technology improves education quality worldwide. References Aud, S. , Wilkinson-Flicker, S. , Kristapovich, P. , Rathbun, A. , Wang, X. , Zhang, J. , National Center for Education Statistics, (2013). The designer of Education 2013. NCES 2013- 037 . National Center For Education Statistics, accessed on 24th May 2013.

Anorexia Nervosa Essay Example for Free

Anorexia Nervosa EssayI. IntroductionAnorexia nervosa has received a great deal of attention in the popular media in recent years. This disorder is listed under the kin of disorders of childhood or adolescence in DSM-III. Anorexia consists of extreme weight redness due to a reduction in eating. It occurs close to publicly in female adolescents only or so 1 in 10 wad with anorexia ar male. The disorder is believed to be rate, but one study found an incidence of 1 matter show up of 200 adolescent girls.Anorexia begins when the adolescent starts to pass outt. The person ofttimes has major problems in self-esteem and concerns round physical coming into court. Weight reduction may be one way for the person to feel in control of her or his behavior, and to improve self-esteem ( Lager, 2003). However, for leans, dieting gets out of hand. They develop an unreasonable affright of eating, and often suppress hunger by engaging in re dearyitive activity such as shit exercisin g. When anorexics must eat beca employ opposites (e.g., p atomic number 18nt) demand it, they often will induce vomiting after meals to get relinquish of the food ingested.Even though the anorexic begins to waste away and develops such physical problems as end of menstruation (for girls), constipation, and imbalances in automobile trunk chemistry, she or he is often unconcerned about the life-threatening brass of the behavior (Darby, 2001). Anorexics continue to perceive themselves as heavier that they really are, and some(prenominal) continue to avoid eating until they die from starvation. Death may occur in up to 15 percent of anorexics.This paper intent to (1) assure what anorexia nervosa really means and its effect (2) know the measures for managing anorexia (3) be aware of the use of pharmacologic agents to stimulate proclivity in the terminally ill and (4) be familiar of the factors influencing nutritional status in varied situations.II. primer coatAnorexia Nervosa i s a psychiatric disorder characterized by an aversion to food and a resulting extreme expiry of weight. It is most common in teenage girls and young women. The victims, although not necessarily overweight, become obsessed with a fear of obesity and deliberately subject themselves to a starvation diet (see Anorexia Nervosa Overview. eMedicineHeath. Emergency Care + Consumer Health). The resulting malnutrition typically leads to constipation, vomiting, poor body temperature, low blood pressure, and amenorrhea (cessation of menstruation). Victims fundament lose up to 25 percent of their body weight and, if untreated, may die.Treatment for anorexia consists of hospitalization along with psychotherapy and counseling. Victims are either fed intravenously or are placed on a high-calorie, high-protein diet supplemented by large doses of vitamins.A. What are an anorexia nervosa and its set up?At the other end of the spectrum from obesity is anorexia nervosa, an eating disorder associated with self-imposed starvation. The already underweight person continues to restrict food intake, often to the point where death is a genuine concern.One of the most distinguishing traits of masses who have anorexia nervosa is that they do not see themselves as thin (Halmi, 2004). When they wait on in a mirror, they in reality perceive themselves to be overweight or gaining weight. In the latter case they may go out and jog 5 miles or stay up all night jumping jacks. The resulting weight loss and attendant physical examine often lead to an absence of menstruation among females, and the person may look pallid and gaunt.III. DiscussionAnorexia is a puzzling disorder. Why would an otherwise healthy young person crave to death? Although some explanations of anorexia have focused on biological causes (a possible malfunction of the hypothalamus which could lead to a lack of desire for food), current views focus on problems in the family which may lead to anorexic behavior. The parents of anorexic adolescents are often very controlling and act to order their childrens lives to a greater expiration than do parents of non-anorexics. Furthermore, the families are often filled with conflict between family members. Anorexic behavior may be an extreme, distorted attempt by the adolescent to control at least one aspect of her or his own behavior.Treatment of anorexia usually involves several different emphases. If the weight loss is life threatening, medical intervention (e.g., intravenous feeding) is necessary. The reinstitution of eating behavior and achieved using behavioral approaches however, these gains are often short-lived. Most treatment programs storey success rates as high as 86 percent. However, anorexia still results in death for some individuals.A. Measures for managing AnorexiaAnorexia is a common problem in the seriously ill. The profound changes in the forbearings appearance and his or her concomitant lack of interest in the socially important rit uals of mealtime are particularly unreassuring to families. The approach to the problem varies depending on the endurings stage of illness, level of disability associated with the illness, and desires. Although causes of anorexia may be controlled for a period of time progressive anorexia is an expected and natural part of the dying process. Anorexia may be related to or exacerbated by situational variables (eg, the ability to have meals with the family versus eating alone in the sick mode), progression of the disease, treatment for the disease, or psychological distress. The patient and family should be instructed in strategies to manage the variables associated with anorexia.B. Measures for Managing AnorexiaThere are many ways in how to manage the patient who suffers from anorexia nervosa and it is divided into two measures, the medical interventions and patient and family tips.a) aesculapian InterventionsThe medical group initiates measures to ensure adequate dietary intake without adding stress to the patient at mealtimes and task the impact of medications (eg,chemotherapy, antiretroviral) or other therapies (radiation therapy, dialysis)that are being used to treat the underlying illness. It administers and monitors effects of positively charged treatment for nausea, vomiting, and delayed gastric emptying and encourages patient to eat when effects of medications have subsided and assess and turn environment to eliminate unpleasant odors and other factors that cause nausea, vomiting, and anorexia.Remove items that may reduce relish (soiled interweaves, bedpans, nauseant basins, clutter). This medical group assesses and manages anxiety and depression to the extent possible (see Anorexia Nervosa Treatment. Mental Health. MayoClinic.com). It also assesses for constipation and/or intestinal obstruction and prevents and manages constipation on an ongoing basis, even when the patients intake is minimal. Furthermore, it provides frequent mouth care, par ticularly following nourishment, ensure that dentures are properly taken care, and administer and monitor effects of topical systematic for oropharyngeal pain.b) Patient and Family Teaching TipsThe family reduces the focus on balanced meals offer the comparable food as often as the patient desires it and increase the nutritional value of meals. For example, add wry milk powder to milk, and use this fortified milk to prepare cream soups, milkshakes, and gravies. Allow and encourage the patient to eat when hungry, regardless of usual meal times. Eliminate or reduce noxious cooking odors, pet odors, or other odors that may precipitate nausea, vomiting, or anorexia and keep patients environment clean, change and comfortable (Halmi, 2004).Make mealtime a shared experience away from the sick room whenever possible. Reduce stress at mealtimes. Avoid confrontations about the amount of food consumed. Reduce or eliminate routine deliberateness of the patient. Encourage patient to eat in a sitting position elevate the head of the patients bed. The family plan meals (food selection and portion size) that the patient desires. Provide small frequent meals if they are easier for patient to eat. Encourage adequate fluid intake, dietary fiber, and use of bowel program to prevent constipation (Wrede-Seamn, 1999).C. exercising of pharmacologic agents to stimulate appetite in the terminally illA number of pharmacologic agents are commonly used to stimulate appetite in anorectic patients. Commonly used medications for appetite input signal include dexamethasone (Decadron), cyproheptadine (Periactin), megestrol acetate (Megace), and dronabinol (Marinol). Dexamethasone initially increases appetite and may provide short weight gain in some patients. However, therapy may need to be discontinued in the patient with a longer life expectancy, as after 3 to 4 weeks corticosteroids interfere with the synthesis of massiveness protein. Cyproheptadine may be used when corticosteroids ar e contraindicated, such as when the patient is diabetic. It promotes mild appetite increase but no appreciable weight gain.Megestrol acetate produces temporary weight gain of to begin with fatty tissue, with little effect on protein balance. Because of the time required to see any effect from this agent, therapy should not be initiated if life expectancy is less than 30 days. Finally, dronabinol is not as effective as the other agents for appetite stimulation in most patients. Although the use of these agents may cause temporary weight gain, their use is not associated with an increase in lean body mass in the terminally ill. Therapy should be tapering or discontinued after 4 to 8 weeks if there is no response (Wrede-Seamn, 1999).D. Factors Influencing Nutritional place in varied Situations.One sensitive indicator of the bodys gain or loss of protein is its nitrogen balance. An adult is said to be nitrogen equilibrium when the nitrogen intake (from food) equals the nitrogen wide ning (in urine, feces, and perspiration) it is a sign of health. A positive nitrogen balance exists when nitrogen intake exceeds nitrogen output and indicates tissue growth, such as occurs during pregnancy, childhood, recovery from surgery, and rebuilding of wasted tissue. Negative nitrogen balance indicates that tissue is breaking down faster than it is being replaced. In the absence of an adequate intake of protein, the body converts protein to glucose for energy. This can occur with fever, starvation, surgery, burns, and debilitating diseases. Each gram of nitrogen loss in excess of intake represents the depletion of 6.25 g of protein or 25 g of muscle tissue. Therefore, a negative nitrogen balance of 10g/day for 10 days could mean the wasting of 2.5 kg (5.5 lb) of muscle tissue as it is converted to glucose for energy.When conditions that result in negative nitrogen balance are coupled with anorexia (loss of appetite), they can lead to malnutrition.IV. ConclusionIn conclusion, the predominate belief among clinical psychologists has been that anorexia arises out of an unstable self-concept. Thus, the commitment to diet and weight control is seen as an attempt to establish a firm sense of identity (Bhanji, 1999). In addition, there is the possibility that this illness, which in about 85 percent of cases occurs in adolescent females, indicates a rejection of traditional feminine roles. Even career patterns turning a role. In certain occupations where there is a premium on being thinfor example, concert dance dancingthe incidence of clinical anorexia may be great as 50 percent. Further, it has been suggested that malfunctioning neurons in the hypothalamus may alter the metabolism and feeding patterns of people with anorexia nervosa (Leibowitz 2003). At present, however, the empirical support for underlying neurological disturbances is scant (Logue, 1999).

Form and structure Essay Example for Free

Form and structure EssayThe skeleton of form and structure of A Dolls House comes from a french piece bien faite which means a well made reckon. Ibsen was introduced to this kind of frolic in Bergen, Norway and Oslo. When he was there France was at the frontier of modern drama. Serious ply writers in France did non like the bien faite concept and looked down on it as low class entertainment. This type of play of all while had the same type of plot and char exemplifyers The innocent distressed wife , the domineering jealous husband, the cruel villain, conscience-smitten secrets. The story line always following the same pattern intrigue and tension, secrets and obstacles until the final pistol uncertain or embrace. There is also always a moral to the plays Ibsen took this idea and expanded it, instead of having unimaginative 2 dimensional char pretenders Ibsen depict complicated characters that the auditory sense could relate to and identify with. Also the audience flock run across or sothing about there world and life through whats on stage for example learn from the characters mistakes like mrs linde and krogstad who loved each other but didnt stay together and so were un happy until they were reunited.Dolls can takes place in a Norwegian town. Interestingly all the scenes take place in unmatchable location. The sitting room of the Helmers house, which serves as a room were they receive guests and a family room, there are deuce doors nonpareil in and out of the lounge and one to Torvalds office. Ibsen describes the set in intricate detail , to the finis of drawing diagrams , this is a style of drama that he been named photographic drama for obvious reasons. The reason for this precision is that every(prenominal) piece of furniture and prop revel the character of the batch who live in the house.A good example is the small bookcase with richly bound booksin Torvalds office. The description of the books could also describe his character as r ichly bound as torvald is someone who looks good on the outside and is very concerned of how people that dont know him well enough to know what his real personality is perceive him. Also the Christmas tree represents mingled stages of Nora and torvald live. When they are happy it looks perfect, when they are sad it droops and looks sad.Ibsen has described his set so perfectly that the same symbolisation of the set is produced in every production. One of the most original techniques of Ibsens is to place all important events beforehand the play begins. The audience do not witness the events as they occur instead the audience discovers the discipline about them in different ways as the play progresses. Important events include Noras loan, Krogstads crime, Mrs Lindes marriage, and Dr sites patrimonial sinister illness.The action of the play all takes place in a very short space of time (three days) and all in one location, the living room. I feel Ibsen does this to add to the sus pense and to add bear upon Noras life changes so dramatically over the space of three days. There are five major(ip) characters who are all very close or have something that binds them closely together. Their lives mirror or counterpoint each others lives. There is also a intelligence that everything a character does affects the other characters. Ibsen also gives how every action of each character is the result of their past.For example Noras impulsive and carelessness with money are qualities inherited from her father and krogstad respectful because he needs to pass on a good name for the interest group of his sons, he doesnt want them to have a past. Every character in the play is vital to some theme or symbol. For example even the nursemaid of Noras ties up with the major theme of Noras development of infant, to child wife, to woman. She not only connects Nora to her past( which she clearly has not let go of cause she still needs her nursemaid to help her ) but also to the future as when Nora leaves her children the nanny has to care for them .Everything that the audience sees and hears in the play is for a reason the characters, intricate props and conversations are all heavy layered with imports and symbolism. For example when Dr Rank says At the next fancy-dress ball I shall be invisible There is a big blue hat have you never heard of hats that make you invisible? If you put one on, no one can see you. ( operation Three) He is talking about the fact that he will be stillborn and therefore will not be there , Torvald however does not get the hidden meaning of this conversation, which cleverly makes an otherwise very morbid conversation very funny.The details revel hidden meanings of the play In the same way that the action is constructed to make the audience feel the tension mounting. In act one is calm everyday life but by they end shows disturbing revelations and problems. In Act 2 thoughts of ranks death and suicide climax in Noras frantic t arantella. By the third and final act the audience feels the tension and Nerves that Nora feels as they no everything that she does and that Torvald is about to find the letter.Until when Helmer finds out, there is a sense of relief until he decides he will not support Nora. The Climax of the play is not what the audience suspected. The audience suspected it would be when Torvald finds out, however the true climax of the play is when Nora slams the door. Another technique Ibsen uses to show the end of a scene with the door bell or the nurse coming in and intercommunicate for someone for example at the end of act one when the nurse comes in and asks for Noras help with the children.

Ethics of Hydraulic Fracturing Essay Example for Free

Ethics of Hydraulic Fracturing Essay liberal shoot a line companies have been wreaking carnage on Midwestern United States. These companies practices of hydraulic fracturing have been very detrimental to the local populace. Hydraulic fracturing has been cognise to damage the environment through earthquakes and hit man spills. In addition, it has been said that these companies have certain law exemptions that whole they enjoy. These unsafe practices have polluted locals body of water supplies. There have even up been cases where tidy sum have been able to light the water from their faucets on fire. Stricter government regulation should be enforced on these gasolene companies. Hydraulic Fracturing, or fracking, has recently (in the last ten years) been used extensively by gas companies (The Facts About Fracking). Fracking involves drilling down below shale formations (over a thousand feet) in the ground and pumping water, sand, and chemicals until the disceptation fract ures. When the rock fractures it releases natural gas that finish be collected at very inexpensive cost. The problem is that this can contaminate local water supplies, including lakes, ponds, streams, rivers, and ground water.The documentary Gasland stirred up interest in the American population to the effects of fracking. After being offered maven hundred thousand dollars for his land from a gas company, the director Josh Fox traveled around America investigating the effects of fracking on the local countrified populace. Josh Fox did an excellent job at exposing the gas exertion for what it really is. The enter won an Oscar nomination and has been praised by environmentalists nation-wide.One of the environmentally damaging effects of hydraulic fracturing is that it has been known to shit earthquakes. Reports of minor tremors of no greater than 2. 8 on the Richter scale were reported on June 2, 2009 in Cleburne, Texas, the counterbalance in the towns 140-year history (Fox). O n the other side of the argument, they assign Given the ubiquity of fracking without seismic impact, the risks would depend to be remote (The Facts About Fracking). This is irrelevant considering that earthquakes are happening where they otherwise would not have occurred. In addition to earthquakes, they also damage the environment by causing environmentally damaging oil spills.In the past two years alone, a series of surface spills, including two blowouts at rise traveld by Chesapeake Energy and EOG Resources and a spill of 8000 gallons of fracking fluid at a site in Dimock, Pa. , have contaminate groundwater in the Marcellus Shale region. The amount of water required to drill all 2916 of the Marcellus wells permitted in Pennsylvania in the first 11 months of 2010 would equal the amount of tipsiness water used by just one city, Pittsburgh, during the same period, says environmental engineering professor Jeanne VanBriesen (qtd. n McGraw).Spills like these cause water contamina tion for the locals. In this case, a bountiful mete out of the spilled fracking fluid flowed into a nearby stream (McGraw). The level of contamination is cool it being investigated. These irresponsible and selfish practices must be regulated before irreversible collateral and environmental damage occurs. Gas companies have even been able to exploit certain loopholes in the law.An employee from the Environmental protective cover Agency stated that the fracking industry enjoy certain legal exemptions from the Clean Water Act tact of Dick Cheney (qtd. in Fox). The federal Energy Policy Act of 2005 contained a provision that has come to be known as the Halliburton Loophole, an exemption for gas drilling and extraction from requirements in the underground injection retard (UIC) program of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Other exemptions are also present in the Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act (Fox).This is an injustice to the local people whose water has been contaminated by t hese companies. If the government will not regulate these large companies, what will stop these large companies? Furthermore, chemicals contaminating the locals water supply have been shown to be a serious health risk. It is reported that finale year the EPA found that some chemicals known to be used in fracturing were among the contaminants detected in 11 residential drinking water wells (Lustgarten).These chemicals have even been known to be carcinogenic (Lustgarten). soil groundwater becomes a problem for locals when their cattle have to drink the contaminated water. There are even cases of crazy animals where all their hair falls out (Fox). Many farmers worry about the welfare of their cattles health which is sometimes their only source of income (Fox). Landowners in shale gas drilling areas have reported taint smells in tap water, and toxic chemicals, such as benzene, have been detected in water from wells near drilling sites (Fox).In addition, there are cases of air pollut ion from the machinery from the drill sites (Fox). Many claim that the air pollution is the cause of a lot of cancer in the locals (Fox). In Dish, Texas, Mayor Calvin Tillman claimed that the fracking industry created carcinogenic pollution in his town (The Facts About Fracking). He then quit his job and leftfield his hometown to protect his sons from this pollution (The Facts About Fracking). These unsafe practices can be very harmful to the local rural populace, and must be regulated.Scientific studies have shown that the drilling has caused local drinking water to be contaminated with methane. In fact, it has been shown that locals can light their water on fire. Our results show evidence for methane contamination of shallow drinking water systems in at least three areas of the region and suggest important environmental risks accompany shale gas exploration worldwide. A scientific study has linked natural gas drilling and hydraulic fracturing with a pattern of drinking water con tamination so severe that some faucets can be lit on fire.While most of the wells had some methane, the water samples taken closest to the gas wells had on average 17 times the levels detected in wells further from dynamic drilling (Lustgarten). This shows that their gas drilling in fact causes this contamination. The contamination can get so blighted that it directly affects the locals safety. There is a case that is being investigated where a large portion of a river is highly contaminated from seeping methane gas it is so highly contaminated that all wildlife has died on a large portion of the river (Fox).Along the banks of the river are dead bodies of birds, squirrels, and other wildlife (Fox). One local even claims that her father died from drinking the water many years earlier (Fox). In Josh Foxs documentary, it shows a clip of someone lighting seeping gas coming out of the ground on fire (Fox). In several cases, homes blew up after gas seeped into their basements or water supplies. In Pennsylvania, a 2004 accident killed three people, including a baby (Lustgarten). This irresponsible, disregard for basic human rights must be stopped.Large corporations that run free and unregulated will do whatever it takes for their own gain. The local rural populace has been very badly affected by the practices of hydraulic fracturing. It is clearly shown that these locals are not being comprehend and little is being done for compensation for the locals (Fox). These gas companies have too much freedom to operate and must be put to stricter government regulation. The question is not whether we should frack or not, but rather how do we regulate these practices to minimize the collateral and environmental damage.

The Crucible Essay Example for Free

The Crucible EssayThe Crucible is a story of the some wrongs that come from the town of Salem during 1692. The index number that is brought fourth through revenge, deceit, paranoia, and sheer naive ness, is enough to phone number the town of Salem, Massachu fructifyts upside down. It results with the death of twenty innocent people and the jailing of hundreds more. The surge of power through the young women of Salem, who had n of all time tasted power before complied with the struggle between good and evil be dickens main points in the play. Abigail Williams is the main instigator in whole of the play.She is the ringleader of all the young women in Salem. The second gear she feels or sees a spirit all the other girls miraculously see and feel them too. Abigail has her eyes set on tail Proctor and uses the witch-hunt to take his wife out of play. She discovers that with her new found power all she has to do is accuse someone and they can be condemned. Her hatred for Good y Proctor is evident as in her quote to Rev. Parris, She hates me, uncle for I would non be her slave. Its a bitter woman, a lying, cold, utter woman, and I will not work for such a woman (Act 1 PG 11) The power fag end the girls accusations is amazingly large, through all their spectral evidence that was taken for by Danforth and Hathorne. I tell you straight, MisterI have seen marvels in this court. I have seen people choked before my eyes by spirit up I have seen them struck by pins and slashed by daggers. I have until this moment not the slightest reason to suspect that the children may be deceiving me. (Act 3 PG 84) The power these girls got from the court is a monster that is ever present throughout this play. However along with power comes something much worse which is evil.During the correspondence of the Salem beldam Trials there is a presence of a struggle between good and evil the power of the prude Lord and the Devil. Some characters including Danforth and Hathorn e who believe they are working on behalf of their lord are actually then considered two evils of this play, along with the main instigator, Abigail. And mark this. Let either of you breathe a word, or the parade of a word, about the other things, and I will come to you in the black of some rattling(a) night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you.And you know I can do it I saw Indians smash my dear parents heads on their pillow next to mine, and I have seen some reddish work done at night, and I can make you craving you had never seen the sun go down (Act 1 PG 19) Abigail is a true work of evil in this play. She decides to go after Goody Proctor who is a pure Christian woman. Even her husband John Proctor knows that his wrongful misleading with Abigail shouldnt be brought down upon Elizabeth. My wife will never scare away for me I will bring your guts into your mouth but that goodness will not break-dance for me (Act 2 PG 76) Between John Proctor, Elizabeth Proctor, Rev. Hale, and Mary Warren there is a force of good to go against the evil of this play. Even though Mary Warren had originally been accusing people and faking illness in the court, half way through she has a change of heart. She discovers the effect that the other girls accusations are having on her town and want to stop it before Goody Proctor is hanged an innocent woman. Just as Rev. Hale was all about witchcraft at the beginning but by the end he had denoused the trials and only stayed to try and save John.Which he wouldnt succeed at. The struggle is one that is readily precise unfair. By the end of the play it is evident that in a way Evil has conquered good. It was an unfair battle, with the high-level judges and power of Abbys words against the farmers and uneducated townspeople of Salem. The Crucible is a teaching of how power gives people a sort of evil and how evil can easily conquer good. These are present throughout the play. As a message to us all of what pow er can do in the wrong hands.

American Airlines Essay Example for Free

American Airlines EssaySituational abbreviationInternal factorsStrengthsJoint Venture with Japanese AirlinePartnership with JetBlueMember of oneworld allianceInternational wing to North America, the Caribbean, South America, Europe and Asia Number of routesAAdvantage frequent flyer programWeaknessesOlder airplanesUnstable chairs on their airplanesCurrent financial situationExternal factorsOpportunitiesMerge with another airlineReorganization of their company self-made retrenchment strategyIncrease profitsUpdate planesPurchase new aircraftsSatisfy consumer unavoidablenesssThreats connection filed for bankruptcy in November 2011Competition with competitors low cost strategyPrice of fuel has ontogenesisd wear out costs have increasedUS economic slowdownProblem American Airlines is struggling with higher(prenominal) costs, mainly, higher fuel costs and labor costs. These costs became so excessive, that AmericanAirlines had to declare bankruptcy. alternating(a) 1 American Airli nes needs to emerge from bankruptcy as a profitable company, which would enable them to explore the accident of a merger with another airline provided that the two airlines combined would provide efficiencies and higher profitability.StrengthsPotential increase in profitsOpportunity to eliminate duplicate costsPotential to enhance brand actualization because now they will have more routes and more to offerWeaknessesAlways potential for disruption and disarrangement as the merger takes place The cost of the merger (usually underestimated)Miscalculation of the difficulties of merging two corporate cultures election 2 They must use the bankruptcy process to light their labor cost, both by charter concessions and more efficient work roles. StrengthsLower costsMore efficiency of workersPotential increase in profitsLead to lower flying inconveniencesHelp exit bankruptcyWeaknessesResistance from the employeesDisruptions could cause cancelationsAlternative 3 Use the bankruptcy to lowe r other employee costs such as medical indemnity and pension. StrengthsLower labor costsHelp exit bankruptcyDecrease debtWeaknessesResistance by employees give out relationships among employers and employeesRecommendationMy recommendation would be alternative two They must use the bankruptcy process to lower their labor cost, both by enlist concessions and more efficient work roles. Im assume that this alternative will lower costs the most. American Airlines needs to use the bankruptcy process to use this alternative effectively. They need to go before the bankruptcy court asking them to cooperate to seek wage concessions and more efficient work roles.A combination of the legal department and the finance department need to be in charge of implementing this alternative. This is a legal matter but the finance department must explain to the legal department what is needed in terms of financial relief. This needs to be utilise as soon as possible. It must start in the bankruptcy co urt. This can be evaluated by examining if this alternative does lower cost without completely destroying employee to employer relationships. The finance department needs to evaluate their financial metrical composition (examining costs) on a monthly basis.